Difference between revisions of "Unusual remappings"

Revision as of 21:23, 31 May 2020

The possibilities of panotools go far beyond mere panorama stitching. Due to its flexibility and modular design there are some remappings possible that (may be) were not intended originally. It is possible to perform these (and other unusual) remappings using the Panorama Tools Plugins. There is a Photoshop action by Flemming V. Larsen which uses the plugins: [1].

I prefer to use one of the GUI front-ends, since they allow for a more convenient control. Here are steps for PTGui and hugin but it should be possible with PTAssembler or PTMac in a similar way.

Little planet

Fisheye little planet remapping result © Erik Krause

Stereographic little planet remapping result © Erik Krause

This is a remapping already used by Helmut Dersch as a thumbnail for his virtual Marburg tour on [2], where he remapped an equirectangular full spherical panorama to a 360 degree fisheye image with the nadir in the center and the zenith at the circle border. This is the same projection as used in the first example.

Nowadays most GUI front-ends feature stereographic and fisheye output projection directly. Stereographic is far better for Little Planets since the outer regions are less compressed and hence keep their natural proportions. The stereographic example here has a smaller Field of View (250°) although the apparent size of the planet is approximately the same like the fisheye one.

Some Panorama Viewers like f.e. KRPano or DevalVR also feature stereographic projection or even "Little Planet" directly.

Tweaks

If you don't like the rotation of the result image you use Numerical transform from the PTGui panorama editor (Ctrl+E). Enter a step value for Roll (f.e. -10) and press Apply button repeatedly until you like the rotation.

You can change "Little planet" to "Tunnel view" (same projection with the zenith in the center and the nadir on the outer side) if you put -90 in the Pitch field on Image tab in order to view straight up.

Orientation plate (arc)

Arc formed panorama © Erik Krause

On some places with wide panoramic vistas you can find orientation plates. Arc formed prints of the panorama. Panotools can make this remapping from a cylindrical panorama to an arc formed one, too. No need to edit scripts here but a pocket calculator might be of some use and you should know the approximate horizontal Field of View (here abbreviated as hFoV) of your panorama. This works even for 360 degree panoramas.

Steps

PTGui

Open PTGui, choose Advanced mode and load your cylindrical image on Source Images tab page. Eventually press Cancel for both EXIF related dialogs.
On Lens Settings tab:
- choose Cylindrical from the Lens type list
- set Horizontal Field of View to the field of view of your panorama
- click Reset under Lens correction in order to set all lens correction parameters to 0.0
In Panorama Editor (Ctrl+E):
- choose Little Planet from the Projection menu. (Optionally you can exaggerate the height inside the arc using the Compression slider in the Projection side bar.)
- adjust panorama width and height using the sliders such that it contains the whole arc. The result image will likely be above the middle.
- drag a yellow crop line from the bottom edge of the canvas to get rid of empty space.
On Create Panorama tab:
- set the width and file format you want for your output image. One single image is created hence any single image format is good. Don't forget the image name.
- check the output size and click Create panorama.

Hugin

Open Hugin, choose Interface>Advanced and load you cylindrical image.
In the Photos tab choose Cylindrical as Lens type, double click on the image and set degrees of view on the Lens tab to the field of view of your panorama. Close dialog with Ok.
Open context menu on image with right mouse click and select Manipulate image parameters.
In the dialog insert the following expression. (You can also save it under a name and so recall it later. Hugin 2020.0 at later has this setting already as Orientation plate - here select this setting and press Load.) Then press Ok

 d=0
 e=-width/rad(hfov)
 y=0
 p=90
 r=0

Now open the preview window, select output projection on the projection tab as Rectilinear and adjust width and height with the sliders.
Go to the Assistant tab and select Stitch. Adjust the output size in pixel if needed and remap the orientation plate.

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 === Steps ===
 ==== PTGui ====
-[[Image:pano-editor-settings.jpg|thumb|250px|Pano editor and pano settings in PTGui]]
-[[Image:pano-editor-settings-360.jpg|thumb|250px|Pano editor and lens settings for 360 degree in PTGui]]
-[[Image:orientation-plate-360.jpg|thumb|250px|Arc formed 360 degree panorama © Erik Krause]]
-* Open PTGui, choose '''Advanced mode''' and load your cylindrical image on '''Source Images''' tab page. Note down the pixel sizes. In our example these are 4254x400 pixels.
+* Open PTGui, choose '''Advanced mode''' and load your cylindrical image on '''Source Images''' tab page. Eventually press '''Cancel''' for both EXIF related dialogs.
-* On '''Lens Settings''' tab page choose '''Cylindrical''' from the '''Lens type''' list, set '''Hor. Field of View''' to the field of view of your panorama (120 degrees in our example). Click '''Restore defaults''' in the '''Advanced''' frame in order to set all lens correction parameters to 0.0. Get your calculator. Use the following formula (provided by Rik Littlefield - many thanks):
+* On '''Lens Settings''' tab:
- <math>r=\frac{imageWidthInPixels*360}{hFoV*2*pi}</math>
+** choose '''Cylindrical''' from the '''Lens type''' list
-In the example case this is
+** set '''Horizontal Field of View''' to the field of view of your panorama
- <math>r=\frac{4254*360}{120*2*3.14}=2031</math>
+** click '''Reset''' under '''Lens correction''' in order to set all lens correction parameters to 0.0
-Enter the result as a negative value in the '''vert.(e)''' Image shift field (-2031 in the example case).
+* In '''Panorama Editor''' (Ctrl+E):
-* On '''Panorama Settings''' tab page choose '''Projection: Rectilinear''' and set '''Field of View''' to 120 x 120 degrees. This will probably be changed later.
+** choose '''Little Planet''' from the '''Projection''' menu. (Optionally you can exaggerate the height inside the arc using the '''Compression''' slider in the '''Projection''' side bar.)
-* On '''Image parameters''' tab page click the '''Pitch''' field for your image and set it to 90 in order to view straight down.
+**  adjust panorama width and height using the sliders such that it contains the whole arc. The result image will likely be above the middle.
-* On '''Create Panorama''' tab page set the width and file format you want for your output image. One single image is created hence any single image format is good. Don't forget the image name. Choose '''Stitch using: Panorama Tools (PTStitcher)''' from the '''Advanced''' frame and uncheck '''Use fast transform'''.
+** drag a yellow crop line from the bottom edge of the canvas to get rid of empty space.
-* Open panorama editor (Ctrl+E) and adjust panorama width and height using the sliders such that it contains the whole arc. Occasionally PTGui fails to display the arc correctly in pano editor. In this case you need to calculate the appropriate values. See below for details.
+* On '''Create Panorama''' tab:
-* On '''Create Panorama''' tab page check the output size and click '''Create panorama'''.
+** set the width and file format you want for your output image. One single image is created hence any single image format is good. Don't forget the image name.
+** check the output size and click '''Create panorama'''.
-You might want to crop the result image in your image editor in order to get rid of the black space.
 ==== Hugin ====
@@ Line 56: / Line 53: @@
 * Now open the preview window, select output projection on the projection tab as '''Rectilinear''' and adjust width and height with the sliders.
 * Go to the '''Assistant''' tab and select '''Stitch'''. Adjust the output size in pixel if needed and remap the orientation plate.
-=== Tweaks ===
-Since the source panorama is arched, the pixels have to be compressed at the inner side and stretched at the outer side. There is a line in the middle where there is no stretching or compression. In most cases it is desirable that this line is the horizon which is assumed to be half way between upper and lower edge of the panorama. If you want this line to be somewhere else simply use a different image shift (e) value. For example -2231 will shift 200 pixels further down (nearer to the center of the result image) than -2031 and create a smaller and narrower arc.
-The above calculation
- <math>r=\frac{imageWidthInPixels*360}{hFoV*2*pi}</math>
-actually calculates the virtual radius (half of the diameter of the cylinder it is projected on) of the cylindrical source image in pixels. We will need this value '''r''' for the following calculation.
-Result images might get very large large since they have to be symmetrical to the center point of the arcs circle, which requires a lot of black space especially if the source panorama HFoV is low. Occasionally PTGui pano editor doesn't show the correct result image (although PTStitcher will create the arc correctly) making it impossible to adjust the panorama size manually.
-In both cases it might be interesting to create the minimum possible size that covers the whole arc. Since '''Fit Panorama''' (in PTGui pano editor) fails in this case we need to calculate the values ourselves.
-The minimal vertical FoV value that will cover the whole arc can be calculated by
- <math>rvFoV=2*arctan\left(\frac{r}{e-\left(\frac{ImageHeight}{2}\right)}\right)</math>
-where '''e''' is the positive Image shift you entered in the '''vert.(e)''' Image shift field as a negative value and '''r''' is the radius from two paragraphs above. In our example:
- <math>rvFoV=2*arctan\left({\frac{2031}{2031-\frac{400}{2}}}\right)=95.93^\circ</math>
-'''rvFoV''' (for result vertical Field of View).
-If your source FoV is lower than 180 degree like in our example the resulting horizontal Field of View ('''rhFoV''') can be lower than the vertical FoV (rvFoV). This can be calculated by
- <math>rhFoV=2*arctan\left(sin\left(\frac{hFoV_{source}}{2}\right)*tan\left(\frac{rvFoV}{2}\right)\right)</math>
-In our example
- <math>2*arctan\left(sin\left(\frac{120}{2}\right)*tan\left(\frac{96}{2}\right)\right)=87.77^\circ</math>
-It is advisable to choose slightly larger values for both horizontal and vertical result FoV in order not to loose any pixels.
 [[Category:Tutorial:Specialised]]