Difference between revisions of "Stitching 2008 State of the Art"

Latest revision as of 15:10, 6 May 2008

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How stitching works

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-== Introduction ==
+#redirect [[How stitching works]]
-Stitching is about making one large image from several smaller photos.
-The ambition is to have the fact of individual ingredient photos no longer show through in the resulting image.
-This page shows what stitching software actually does.
-If you want to know how to achieve this, or what
-[[software]] to use, please read a [[Tutorials|tutorial]] instead.
-What can be done and what quality can be achieved,
-this shall be demonstrated step by step starting with the two photos below.
-[[Image:Img08232.jpg|300px]] [[Image:Img08231.jpg|300px]]
-At the time of photography, some [[Photography Guidelines|guidelines]] have been followed that make the photos good stitching material.
-----
-For comparison to stitching proper, the two photos have simply been overlayed in a standard
-image editing and retouching software.
-[[Image:Img0823xoverlay1.jpg|300px]] [[Image:Img0823xoverlay2.jpg|300px]]
-Please notice in particular the misalignment of geometrical features in the left image,
-and the roof misorientation in the right one.
-----
-Have a look at the following aspects to see where proper stitching software can do better.
-Such software usually gives a choice of either performing these steps fully automatically,
-or provide assistance for optimisations without requiring a try-and-error workflow.
-===Remapping===
-[[Image:Img08232remap.jpg|300px]] [[Image:Img08231remap.jpg|300px]]
-To project the images onto the same virtual screen, they need
-to be remapped, as shown above. Correcting falling lines as in this example
-is by choosing an appropriate orientation for the virtual screen.
-[[Image:Img0823xstitch3.jpg|500px]]
-The relative camera orientation, and the lense parameters
-are determined from the images overlap area.
-Handheld photos are fine.
-If the photos have been taken from the same point,
-expect alignment accuracy of better than a pixel.
-===Exposure===
-[[Image:Img0823xstitch4.jpg|500px]]
-Input images need not have the same exposure, or white balance.
-Together with vignetting
-(images are darker in the corners than in the middle)
-the required corrections
-can be derived from images with a suitably large overlap area.
-===Blending===
-Obviously, there needs to be some kind of seam between the images,
-but one can do better than a hard seam line (used above)
-or a feathered transition that affects the image character.
-[[Image:Img0823xstitch5.jpg|500px]]
-State of the art is a seam mechanism that behaves
-like a line for small details but averages for large scale features.
-[[Image:Img0823xstitch6.jpg|500px]]
-In addition, the seam line should be placed intelligently
-to avoid cutting through objects (like cloud, car or bicycle)
-that have moved in the time between taking the images.
-==Overall Result==
-[[Image:Img0823xstitch6crop.jpg|600px]]
-This is the overall result, cropped to rectangular shape,
-for a state-of-the-art stitching of two photos.
-==Further Reading==
-Some quick pointers to continue here in the panotools wiki:
-* [[Photography guidelines]] - at the time of taking photos
-* [[Stitching]] - the [[How stitching works]] may look familiar :)
-* Panorama viewing
-and more general pages
-* [[Software]]
-* [[Tutorials]]
-Happy browsing here in the panotools wiki.
-[[Category:How it works]]

Difference between revisions of "Stitching 2008 State of the Art"

Latest revision as of 15:10, 6 May 2008

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