PanoTools.org Wiki - User contributions [en]

Noise Removal

2010-08-11T21:51:12Z

Bknops: /* Dcraw */

There are plenty of programs available to remove noise from your images.

Here's a very incomplete list, if you know one you like and it is not listed, then please add it.

There are basically two ways to reduce noise in digital images: By filter in one image or by adding up several images.

== By Filter ==
Reducing noise or grain in digital images by filter is somehow difficult, since the software has to automatically distinguish between image details and noise. The better products allow to create noise profiles in order to provide adjustments to that process.

A comparison with tests and a list of several tools of the Filter category is found on [http://www.michaelalmond.com/Articles/noise.htm Michael Almond's page]

=== Neat Image ===
Neat Image is shareware. It features both a standalone version and a photoshop plugin.
It makes a profile of your camera that you can apply to a set of photo's.
Neat Image's home page is [http://www.neatimage.com/ www.neatimage.com]

=== Noise Ninja ===
Picturecode's Noise Ninja is shareware. It filters out noise in 48 bit per pixel color space.
It can batch process multiple images. It features both a standalone version and a photoshop plugin.
Noise Ninja's home page is [http://www.picturecode.com www.picturecode.com]

=== Grain surgery ===
Grain surgery can add, remove or match grain (noise). It comes as a Photoshop plugin.
Grain surgery's home page is [http://www.visinf.com/gs/ps/ www.visinf.com/gs/ps/]

=== Noiseware ===
Noiseware is shareware. It comes as a Photoshop plugin.
Grain surgery's home page is [http://www.imagenomic.com/ www.imagenomic.com]

=== Helicon Filter ===
Helicon Filters are shareware with a free edition limited in functionality. See [http://heliconfilter.com/ heliconfilter.com] for details.

=== GREYCstoration ===
Open source and very powerful. Available either as a [http://www.greyc.ensicaen.fr/~dtschump/greycstoration/ command-line tool]
or a [http://www.haypocalc.com/wiki/Gimp_Plugin_GREYCstoration gimp plugin]. The command-line tool can be used to remove noise from 16bit images.

=== Dcraw ===
[[Dcraw]] has a command-line option (-n noise_threshold) to erase noise using wavelets.

== By Adding up several images ==
Adding up several images - either different scans from the same slide/negative or several digital shots from the same subject - are based on the fact that digital noise is random and different in each image but image detail should be the same.

With this technique the signal to noise (s/n) ratio increases by the square root of the number of images. This is you need 4 images to double the s/n ratio and 16 images to have s/n ratio 4 times as high as in one image.

Image Detail is not blurred, if the images are perfectly aligned.

=== NoiseRemove ===
Removes noise by combining and averaging multiple shots.
Click [[NoiseRemove]] for a dedicated page on <nowiki>NoiseRemove</nowiki>

=== PTAverage ===
A [[Panorama tools|panotools]] helper application.

=== Photoshop ===
Averaging can be performed with [[Photoshop]] or any other image editor capable of layers by placing the images in layers and setting layer opacity to decreasing values (from top to bottom layer): 50% for top layer, 33% for second layer, 25% for third layer, 20% (=1/5), 17%(=1/6), 14%(=1/7), 13%(=1/8) and so on.

--[[User:Serge|Serge]] 17:50, 11 Dec 2004 (EST)

[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]
{{Outdated}}

Noise Removal

2010-08-11T21:45:18Z

Bknops: /* By Filter */

There are plenty of programs available to remove noise from your images.

Here's a very incomplete list, if you know one you like and it is not listed, then please add it.

There are basically two ways to reduce noise in digital images: By filter in one image or by adding up several images.

== By Filter ==
Reducing noise or grain in digital images by filter is somehow difficult, since the software has to automatically distinguish between image details and noise. The better products allow to create noise profiles in order to provide adjustments to that process.

A comparison with tests and a list of several tools of the Filter category is found on [http://www.michaelalmond.com/Articles/noise.htm Michael Almond's page]

=== Neat Image ===
Neat Image is shareware. It features both a standalone version and a photoshop plugin.
It makes a profile of your camera that you can apply to a set of photo's.
Neat Image's home page is [http://www.neatimage.com/ www.neatimage.com]

=== Noise Ninja ===
Picturecode's Noise Ninja is shareware. It filters out noise in 48 bit per pixel color space.
It can batch process multiple images. It features both a standalone version and a photoshop plugin.
Noise Ninja's home page is [http://www.picturecode.com www.picturecode.com]

=== Grain surgery ===
Grain surgery can add, remove or match grain (noise). It comes as a Photoshop plugin.
Grain surgery's home page is [http://www.visinf.com/gs/ps/ www.visinf.com/gs/ps/]

=== Noiseware ===
Noiseware is shareware. It comes as a Photoshop plugin.
Grain surgery's home page is [http://www.imagenomic.com/ www.imagenomic.com]

=== Helicon Filter ===
Helicon Filters are shareware with a free edition limited in functionality. See [http://heliconfilter.com/ heliconfilter.com] for details.

=== GREYCstoration ===
Open source and very powerful. Available either as a [http://www.greyc.ensicaen.fr/~dtschump/greycstoration/ command-line tool]
or a [http://www.haypocalc.com/wiki/Gimp_Plugin_GREYCstoration gimp plugin]. The command-line tool can be used to remove noise from 16bit images.

=== Dcraw ===
[[Dcraw]] has a command-line option (-n noise_threshold) to erase noise while preserving real detail by using wavelets.

== By Adding up several images ==
Adding up several images - either different scans from the same slide/negative or several digital shots from the same subject - are based on the fact that digital noise is random and different in each image but image detail should be the same.

With this technique the signal to noise (s/n) ratio increases by the square root of the number of images. This is you need 4 images to double the s/n ratio and 16 images to have s/n ratio 4 times as high as in one image.

Image Detail is not blurred, if the images are perfectly aligned.

=== NoiseRemove ===
Removes noise by combining and averaging multiple shots.
Click [[NoiseRemove]] for a dedicated page on <nowiki>NoiseRemove</nowiki>

=== PTAverage ===
A [[Panorama tools|panotools]] helper application.

=== Photoshop ===
Averaging can be performed with [[Photoshop]] or any other image editor capable of layers by placing the images in layers and setting layer opacity to decreasing values (from top to bottom layer): 50% for top layer, 33% for second layer, 25% for third layer, 20% (=1/5), 17%(=1/6), 14%(=1/7), 13%(=1/8) and so on.

--[[User:Serge|Serge]] 17:50, 11 Dec 2004 (EST)

[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]
{{Outdated}}

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-05T12:57:32Z

Bknops: /* ImageMagick */

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an [[ImageMagick]] Windows [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file batch file] to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% %input_image% -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Here's an example of a mirror ball created in this way: 
[[File:MirrorBal_ImageMagick.jpg]] 
[[User:Bknops|Bert Knops]]
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T21:45:09Z

Bknops: /* ImageMagick */

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an [[ImageMagick]] Windows [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file batch file] to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Here's an example of a mirror ball created in this way: 
[[File:MirrorBal_ImageMagick.jpg]] 
[[User:Bknops|Bert Knops]]
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T21:44:33Z

Bknops: /* ImageMagick */

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an [[ImageMagick]] Windows [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file batch file]to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Here's an example of a mirror ball created in this way: 
[[File:MirrorBal_ImageMagick.jpg]] 
[[User:Bknops|Bert Knops]]
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T21:12:04Z

Bknops: /* ImageMagick */

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an [[ImageMagick]] Windows batch-file to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch-file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Here's an example of a mirror ball created in this way: 
[[File:MirrorBal_ImageMagick.jpg]] 
[[User:Bknops|Bert Knops]]
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

User:Bknops

2010-06-04T21:07:43Z

Bknops: Created page with 'Bert Knops'

Bert Knops

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T21:03:46Z

Bknops: /* ImageMagick */

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an ImageMagick Windows batch-file to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch-file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Here's an example of a mirror ball created in this way: 
[[File:MirrorBal_ImageMagick.jpg]] 
[[User:Bknops|Bert Knops]]
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T20:56:50Z

Bknops: /* ImageMagick */

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an ImageMagick Windows batch-file to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch-file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Here's an example of a mirror ball created in this way: 
[[File:MirrorBal_ImageMagick.jpg]] 
Bert Knops
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

File:MirrorBal ImageMagick.jpg

2010-06-04T20:54:01Z

Bknops: Mirror ball added to an equirectangular panorama using ImageMagick.

Mirror ball added to an equirectangular panorama using ImageMagick.

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T20:33:48Z

Bknops:

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an ImageMagick Windows batch-file to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following in the batch-file to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Bert Knops
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

Adding a nadir cap (mirror ball)

2010-06-04T20:32:31Z

Bknops:

== Photoshop ==
I wrote a Photoshop action that produces these mirror spheres below out from
an equirectangular panorama. 
As you can see are three sizes available. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_small.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_big.jpg]] [[Image:Mirrorball_xxl.jpg]] 
 
 
Small covers 5% ,Big 8% and XXL 12% of panorama height (equirectangular projection) 
Below you can see the region that will be covered with the mirrorball. 
 
[[Image:Mirrorball_pano.jpg]] 
 
 
Here the action set in Photoshop: 
[[Image:Mirrorball_action.jpg]] 
 
 
Download the Photoshop action here: 
[[Media:cap.atn]]
 
 
A similar action with text: 
[[Media:cap_text.atn]]
 
 
For a flexible nadir cap which can be streched to your needs: 
[[Media:CapFlex.atn]]
 
 
Don't know how to install a Photoshop action? 
Take a look at [[How to install actions in Photoshop]]
 
 
 
'''Worklflow''' 
1.) Open equirectangular / psphere image in Photoshop 
2.) Run desired action (small / big / xxl)) 
3.) Save as.... 
4.) Finished 
 
 
[[User:Pitdavos|Peter Nyfeler]] (Pitdavos)
 
== ImageMagick ==
I wrote an ImageMagick Windows batch-file to add a mirror sphere to an equirectangular panorama: 
<pre>
set im_convert="C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.5.8-Q16\convert.exe"
set input_image=post_processed.tif
set output_image=nadir_balled.tif

rem Make the mirror ball.
rem -crop takes the part of the image without the nadir
rem -resize resizes the image to height of the nadir
rem -flip flips the image vertically
rem -level darkens the image, because reflection is never 100 percent
%im_convert% %input_image% -crop 12780x6130+0+0 -resize 12780x260! -flip -level 0,130%% temp_nadir_ball.tif

rem Make a gradient image from black to transparent. This is the ambient shadow that is casted by the mirror ball.
%im_convert% -size 12780x130 gradient:none-black temp_gradient.png

rem Place the shadow and the mirror ball on the image
%im_convert% post_processed.tif -page +0+6070 temp_gradient.png -flatten -page +0+6130 temp_nadir_ball.tif -flatten %output_image%

del temp_nadir_ball.tif
del temp_gradient.png

pause
</pre> 
Before using it, please adapt the following to your situation: 
<ul>
<li>the location of ImageMagick's convert.exe</li>
<li>the input panorama image name</li>
<li>the output panorama image name</li>
<li>the size of the panorama without the nadir cap (12780x6130)</li>
<li>the size of the nadir cap (12780x260)</li>
<li>the size of the ambient shadow (12780x130)</li>
<li>the position of the ambient shadow on the output panorama image (+0+6070)</li>
<li>the position of the nadir cap on the output panorama image (+0+6130)</li>
</ul>
 
Bert Knops
[[Category:Tutorial:Nice to know]]

Panorama Viewers

2010-01-02T16:04:20Z

Bknops: /* Stand alone Viewers */

There are basically three types of viewers for spherical panoramas:
* [[Java]] based Viewers run on any platform that supports [[Java]].
* Plugin based viewers require a plugin ([[Quicktime]], [[Shockwave]]) to run and might be platform specific.
* Stand alone viewers that are executables for a specific platform. Unlike Java and plugin-based viewers these are not meant for use within web pages.

== Java based Viewers ==
=== Free ===
* [[PTViewer]] was the first Java viewer. It was developed originally by [[Helmut Dersch]] and is now [[PTViewer 2.7L2|maintained and enhanced]] by [[Fulvio Senore]]

* [http://www.panorado.com/ Panorado Applet] is a Java viewer applet. It only shows a "flat" view but it is fast, so it is suited for larger images where the normal immersive-style warping isn't needed.

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_2.php PURE Player for Java] (by ImmerVision) is a Java viewer applet that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramic images.

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_3.php PURE Player for PRO Java] (by ImmerVision) is a free Java viewer applet that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramic images. It also supports user interfaces.

=== Commercial ===
There are some commercial [[Java]] based viewers. Most of them are either a [[PTViewer]] clone or less functional.

== Plugin based Viewers ==

=== Free ===

* [[Quicktime]] is available for Apple Macintosh and Windows. Requires panorama in [[QTVR]] movie format. ([[PanoCube]] or [[Pano2QTVR]] convert from equirectangular to .mov on Windows)

* [[freepv]] is an open source cross-platform viewer for [[QTVR]] and other panorama formats.

* [[DevalVR]] is a Windows browser plugin that displays both cubic QuickTime-VR panoramas in [[QTVR]] movie format panoramas. See http://www.devalvr.com/ for details.

* [[PangeaVR]] is a Mac OS X browser plugin that displays both cubic QuickTime-VR panoramas in [[QTVR]] movie format and equirectangular (spherical) [[JPEG]] panoramas. See http://www.pangeasoft.net/pano/plugin/pangeavr.html for details.

=== Commercial ===

* There are no known commercial plugins for standard web delivery of panoramas

== Flash or Shockwave based Viewers ==

=== Free ===

* [[SPi-V]] is a very sophisticated and smooth viewer based on Macromedia [[Shockwave]] that handles panoramas completely in graphics card memory (free version with logo).

* [[pan0]] is an open source, Flash 9 based player for panoramas in equirectangular format. The application was formely known as "fspp". See http://pan0.net/page.php?page=pan0 for details.

* [[PanoSalado]] is an open source Flash 9 & 10 and Flex based viewer for cubic, equirectangular (spherical), cylindrical and QTVR panoramas. It supports 2D & 3D hotspots, audio, video, and being extended via XML or directly via Actionscript (AS3) and/or MXML. See PanoSalado's [http://panosalado.com/panosalado site], download source and examples from the [http://code.google.com/p/panosalado/ GoogleCode] repository, access the [http://api.panosalado.com/index.html API] and view live [http://panosalado.com/forums?func=view&catid=15&id=57 examples].

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_4.php PURE Player for Flash] is a free Flash 9 based player that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramas.

=== Commercial ===

* The [http://flashpanoramas.com/player/ Flash Panorama Player] is a cross-platform viewer that displays [[QTVR]] movies as well as equirectangular (spherical) and cylindrical panoramas. Cube faces and stripes can also be handled. It supports SWF-plugins to extend its functionality (for example to integrate distorted FLV-movies as hotspots).

* [http://gardengnomesoftware.com/pano2vr Pano2VR] (formerly [[Pano2QTVR]]) creates Flash 9 and Flash 10-compatible SWF files with included spherical viewer. It also creates QuickTime VR content and can output images in a number of different projections including equirect and cubefaces.

* [http://krpano.com/ KRPano] is a Flash 9 & 10 based panorama viewer with a wide range of configuration options. These include different projections such as stereographic, 'little planet', fisheye, Vedutismo, and 'architectural'. It can handle cubefaces, equirects and QTVR .mov files, and it can embed other media including audio and FLV videos into panoramas.

== Stand alone Viewers ==

* [[FSPViewer]] is a free hardware accelerated stand alone viewer by [[Fulvio Senore]] (Windows only).

* [[panoglview]] is an Open Source hardware accelerated stand alone viewer for [[Equirectangular Projection]] images (Windows, Linux and OS X).

* <strike>panoviewer</strike> is an Open Source stand-alone viewer now superceded by [[panoglview]] (Windows, Linux).

* [[PTViewer]], the original standalone viewer created by [[Helmut Dersch]] in C for X-Windows available from one of the [[mirrors]] (Linux) or the 3.2 version in compiled Java from [http://webuser.fh-furtwangen.de/~dersch/ his page] (Windows).

* [[Quicktime]] also works as a standalone viewer (Windows, Mac).

* [[DevalVR]] has a stand alone version, too (Windows).

* [[freepv]] is a standalone hardware accelerated [[QTVR]] viewer as well as a plugin.

* [http://groups.google.com/group/panini-support/web/panini-0-71-tips-and-tricks Panini] is an open source panoramic image viewer and perspective tool for all Qt platforms, including Linux, Windows, OSX. It can display files in many panoramic formats. Your video driver must support OpenGL version 1.5, 2.0 for full functionality. Get Panini at [http://sourceforge.net/projects/pvqt/ sf.net/projects/pvqt], or [[Build Panini on MacOSX|build on OS X]].

*[http://www.panorado.com Panorado] is a full-featured image viewer/browser supporting panoramas (JPEG & QTVR). Shareware. (Windows)

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_6.php PURE Player for Windows] is a free standalone version of PURE Player viewer for Windows OS that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramas.

* [http://www.cubeworld.org/ CubeWorld for iPhone and iPod Touch] is a free app that plays cubeface-based panoramas (max 1024px cubefaces) using OpenGL. It can store panoramas locally for offline viewing.

* [http://www.pangeasoft.net/pano/pangeavr/index.html PangeaVR for iPhone and iPod Touch] is an app that plays panoramas (max 2048x1024px equirects) using OpenGL. The standard version of PangeaVR is free, the Pro version (which can store panoramas locally for offline viewing) costs $5.99.

* [http://panobender.atspace.com/ PanoBender] is a free standalone viewer for JPEG images of equirectangular and cylindrical panoramas. (Windows CE)

[[Category:Software:Platform:Linux]]
[[Category:Software:Platform:Mac OS X]]
[[Category:Software:Platform:Windows]]
[[Category:Software:Platform:Mobile/PDA]]

== External Links ==

* http://www.panoramaphotographer.com/comparisons/ shows working examples of a large number of different web-based panorama players.

Panorama Viewers

2010-01-02T15:59:10Z

Bknops: added PanoBender

There are basically three types of viewers for spherical panoramas:
* [[Java]] based Viewers run on any platform that supports [[Java]].
* Plugin based viewers require a plugin ([[Quicktime]], [[Shockwave]]) to run and might be platform specific.
* Stand alone viewers that are executables for a specific platform. Unlike Java and plugin-based viewers these are not meant for use within web pages.

== Java based Viewers ==
=== Free ===
* [[PTViewer]] was the first Java viewer. It was developed originally by [[Helmut Dersch]] and is now [[PTViewer 2.7L2|maintained and enhanced]] by [[Fulvio Senore]]

* [http://www.panorado.com/ Panorado Applet] is a Java viewer applet. It only shows a "flat" view but it is fast, so it is suited for larger images where the normal immersive-style warping isn't needed.

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_2.php PURE Player for Java] (by ImmerVision) is a Java viewer applet that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramic images.

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_3.php PURE Player for PRO Java] (by ImmerVision) is a free Java viewer applet that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramic images. It also supports user interfaces.

=== Commercial ===
There are some commercial [[Java]] based viewers. Most of them are either a [[PTViewer]] clone or less functional.

== Plugin based Viewers ==

=== Free ===

* [[Quicktime]] is available for Apple Macintosh and Windows. Requires panorama in [[QTVR]] movie format. ([[PanoCube]] or [[Pano2QTVR]] convert from equirectangular to .mov on Windows)

* [[freepv]] is an open source cross-platform viewer for [[QTVR]] and other panorama formats.

* [[DevalVR]] is a Windows browser plugin that displays both cubic QuickTime-VR panoramas in [[QTVR]] movie format panoramas. See http://www.devalvr.com/ for details.

* [[PangeaVR]] is a Mac OS X browser plugin that displays both cubic QuickTime-VR panoramas in [[QTVR]] movie format and equirectangular (spherical) [[JPEG]] panoramas. See http://www.pangeasoft.net/pano/plugin/pangeavr.html for details.

=== Commercial ===

* There are no known commercial plugins for standard web delivery of panoramas

== Flash or Shockwave based Viewers ==

=== Free ===

* [[SPi-V]] is a very sophisticated and smooth viewer based on Macromedia [[Shockwave]] that handles panoramas completely in graphics card memory (free version with logo).

* [[pan0]] is an open source, Flash 9 based player for panoramas in equirectangular format. The application was formely known as "fspp". See http://pan0.net/page.php?page=pan0 for details.

* [[PanoSalado]] is an open source Flash 9 & 10 and Flex based viewer for cubic, equirectangular (spherical), cylindrical and QTVR panoramas. It supports 2D & 3D hotspots, audio, video, and being extended via XML or directly via Actionscript (AS3) and/or MXML. See PanoSalado's [http://panosalado.com/panosalado site], download source and examples from the [http://code.google.com/p/panosalado/ GoogleCode] repository, access the [http://api.panosalado.com/index.html API] and view live [http://panosalado.com/forums?func=view&catid=15&id=57 examples].

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_4.php PURE Player for Flash] is a free Flash 9 based player that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramas.

=== Commercial ===

* The [http://flashpanoramas.com/player/ Flash Panorama Player] is a cross-platform viewer that displays [[QTVR]] movies as well as equirectangular (spherical) and cylindrical panoramas. Cube faces and stripes can also be handled. It supports SWF-plugins to extend its functionality (for example to integrate distorted FLV-movies as hotspots).

* [http://gardengnomesoftware.com/pano2vr Pano2VR] (formerly [[Pano2QTVR]]) creates Flash 9 and Flash 10-compatible SWF files with included spherical viewer. It also creates QuickTime VR content and can output images in a number of different projections including equirect and cubefaces.

* [http://krpano.com/ KRPano] is a Flash 9 & 10 based panorama viewer with a wide range of configuration options. These include different projections such as stereographic, 'little planet', fisheye, Vedutismo, and 'architectural'. It can handle cubefaces, equirects and QTVR .mov files, and it can embed other media including audio and FLV videos into panoramas.

== Stand alone Viewers ==

* [[FSPViewer]] is a free hardware accelerated stand alone viewer by [[Fulvio Senore]] (Windows only).

* [[panoglview]] is an Open Source hardware accelerated stand alone viewer for [[Equirectangular Projection]] images (Windows, Linux and OS X).

* <strike>panoviewer</strike> is an Open Source stand-alone viewer now superceded by [[panoglview]] (Windows, Linux).

* [[PTViewer]], the original standalone viewer created by [[Helmut Dersch]] in C for X-Windows available from one of the [[mirrors]] (Linux) or the 3.2 version in compiled Java from [http://webuser.fh-furtwangen.de/~dersch/ his page] (Windows).

* [[Quicktime]] also works as a standalone viewer (Windows, Mac).

* [[DevalVR]] has a stand alone version, too (Windows).

* [[freepv]] is a standalone hardware accelerated [[QTVR]] viewer as well as a plugin.

* [http://groups.google.com/group/panini-support/web/panini-0-71-tips-and-tricks Panini] is an open source panoramic image viewer and perspective tool for all Qt platforms, including Linux, Windows, OSX. It can display files in many panoramic formats. Your video driver must support OpenGL version 1.5, 2.0 for full functionality. Get Panini at [http://sourceforge.net/projects/pvqt/ sf.net/projects/pvqt], or [[Build Panini on MacOSX|build on OS X]].

*[http://www.panorado.com Panorado] is a full-featured image viewer/browser supporting panoramas (JPEG & QTVR). Shareware. (Windows)

* [http://www.immervision.com/en/multimedia/multimedia_products/multimedia_products_2_6.php PURE Player for Windows] is a free standalone version of PURE Player viewer for Windows OS that supports cylindrical, spherical and cubic panoramas.

* [http://www.cubeworld.org/ CubeWorld for iPhone and iPod Touch] is a free app that plays cubeface-based panoramas (max 1024px cubefaces) using OpenGL. It can store panoramas locally for offline viewing.

* [http://www.pangeasoft.net/pano/pangeavr/index.html PangeaVR for iPhone and iPod Touch] is an app that plays panoramas (max 2048x1024px equirects) using OpenGL. The standard version of PangeaVR is free, the Pro version (which can store panoramas locally for offline viewing) costs $5.99.

* [http://panobender.atspace.com/ PanoBender] is a free app for viewing JPEG images of equirectangular and cylindrical panoramas. (Windows CE)

[[Category:Software:Platform:Linux]]
[[Category:Software:Platform:Mac OS X]]
[[Category:Software:Platform:Windows]]
[[Category:Software:Platform:Mobile/PDA]]

== External Links ==

* http://www.panoramaphotographer.com/comparisons/ shows working examples of a large number of different web-based panorama players.